With the heating season just around the corner, clean heating fuel preparation is about to begin. The ensuing prevention and control of air pollution has become the primary problem in the heating season.
Traditional people heating is mainly based on loose coal. Although the source of bulk coal is wide, the price is cheaper. However, it will cause great air pollution. In winter, smog will hit northern cities, and the air index is extremely poor. So how can we keep the advantages of bulk coal while avoiding its pollution disadvantages? A new type of clean fuel - lanchar has gradually entered the field of vision.
Data source: Public database
Recently, China put forward a "dual carbon" target, to achieve "carbon peak" by 2030 and "carbon neutral" by 2060. On December 12, 2020, At the Climate Ambition Summit, President Xi Jinping further proposed new measures for China's Nationally determined Contribution, namely, by 2030, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be cut by over 65% from 2005 levels, and non-fossil energy resources will account for around 25% of primary energy consumption. Forest storage will increase by 6 billion cubic meters over 2005, and wind and solar power generation will reach over 1.2 billion kilowatts.
The CENTRAL Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China (CPC) and The State Council have attached great importance to the prevention and control of air pollution, while also calling for clean heating and warm winters in northern China. In recent years, a large number of administrative measures have been taken to limit and ban coal, replace coal with gas, and replace coal with electricity in some parts of the country. As a result, air quality in central and eastern China has been significantly improved.
Data source: People's Information Network
But in this process, industrial and civil bulk coal substitution also appeared some problems. Problems such as difficulty in maintaining supply, high cost of consumption and low comfort after the transformation of electricity and gas easily lead to re-burning of bulk coal.
If blue carbon is used, the above problems may be basically solved. Although desulphurized charcoal can not reach the cleaning effect of ultra-low emissions and gas and electricity, it has been greatly improved compared with raw coal desulphurization, especially with the promotion and use of special stoves for desulphurization, energy efficiency and cleanliness have been improved significantly.
Lanchar is the semi-coke of bituminous coal pyrolysis, which is the solid product after removing most of the volatiles of bituminous coal by pyrolysis technology. This technology has been developed for more than 20 years in northern Shaanxi. In the past ten years, with the continuous improvement of technology and environmental protection policy, the production process, equipment and pollution control level of orchid carbon have made revolutionary progress, and has entered the modern industrial stage of clean production and ultra-low emissions. At present, LAN charcoal industry has been extended to the whole northern Shaanxi, Mengxi, Gansu, Xinjiang and other areas with long flame coal resources, the national production capacity of nearly 100 million tons. The use of orchid carbon from the original ferroalloy and calcium carbide industry, expanded to blast furnace injection, pellet sintering, industrial gas and other industries, in recent years has gradually entered the domestic and winter heating field.
One is for household scattered civil heating and agricultural greenhouses, breeding places, rural township streets, small enterprises and so on, vigorously promote orchid carbon replacement, under the premise of basic do not change the original use habits, can be fully replaced. If use special stove at the same time, the effect is better. Initial investment and operating costs are fully affordable and have the potential to be independent of financial subsidies.
Two is for 10 tons of steam/hour and the following small factory heating, if it can not be changed to gas, electricity, also can use blue charcoal special boiler, with simple flue gas desulfurization and denitration, dust removal device, can achieve standard emissions, and low investment and operation cost, equipment can operate automatically, supply is guaranteed. However, for the larger tonnage of orchid charcoal boiler, it is necessary to build a complete set of ultra-low emission control system of flue gas pollutants.
Three is to must use gas for glass, ceramics and other industries, recommend the use of new no emissions fixed bed orchid carbon continuous gasifier, local production of cheap gas. This kind of blue carbon gasifier is completely free of tar and phenol ammonia waste water, and it can obtain good emission reduction effect by constructing ultra-low emission system in flue gas discharge main pipe at the end of kiln.
The chemical reaction process of orchid charcoal production and direct firing of bulk coal is very similar, except that orchid charcoal is the concentrated pyrolysis of raw coal, and the bulk coal is dispersed to the pyrolysis of thousands of households in the stove. Through the concentrated pyrolysis of bituminous coal, the loose coal is turned into blue coal, which can not only clean the fuel, but also recover all the volatile matter in the coal and produce high value-added products. It can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also greatly improve the economic benefit of raw coal.
Although orchid charcoal belongs to coal, its performance has been fundamentally changed, its volatile and sulfur residual has been very little, the calorific value has been greatly improved: the volatile content is generally reduced to 5%-10%, the residual sulfur content decreased by more than 50%, the calorific value has been raised to more than 6000 kcal/kg. The volatiles are greatly reduced, and the soot produced during bulk burning is greatly reduced; At the same time, the thermal stability of the pyrolyzed blue carbon is improved, and the coal powder and fly ash produced are greatly reduced, which greatly alleviates the dust pollution. Even if the original small cooking stove is still used, it does not produce much pollution.
Monitoring data show that burning orchid charcoal can save more than 30% energy compared with burning bulk coal, and the dust and other flue gas pollutants produced are reduced by 80-90%, and sulfur dioxide is reduced by more than 50%.
